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Banking stem cells could save Japan nuclear workers
In this March 24, 2011 aerial photo taken by a small unmanned drone and released by AIR
PHOTO SERVICE, damaged Unit 3, left, and Unit 4 of the crippled Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear
power plant are seen in Okumamachi, Fukushima prefecture, northern Japan.
(Air Photo Service Co. Ltd., Japan)
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(Reuters) - Health officials should collect blood from workers at the crippled Fukushima Daiichi
nuclear power plant in case they are accidentally exposed to high levels of radiation and need a
stem cell transplant, Japanese researchers said on Thursday.
They said gathering blood from the workers would give them a ready source of their own stem cells that
could help rebuild their bone marrow should they become exposed to high levels of radiation.
"The danger of a future accidental radiation exposure is not passed, since there has been a series of serious aftershocks
even this April," Dr Shuichi Taniguchi of Toranomon Hospital in Tokyo and Dr Tetsuya Tanimoto of the
Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research wrote in the Lancet medical journal. A series of strong aftershocks
this week has rattled eastern Japan, slowing the recovery effort at the Fukushima Daiichi plant due to
temporary evacuations of workers and power outages.
The researchers say transplant teams are standing by in Japan and Europe to collect and store the
nuclear workers' cells, but so far the Nuclear Safety Commission of Japan is balking because it would
cause a "physical and psychological burden for nuclear workers," the team wrote.
Collecting cells from the workers has several advantages over donated cells, which require finding a
matching donor and carry the risk of rejection. Stem cell transplants from a person's own cells would
allow the workers to avoid taking drugs to suppress the immune system, helping them to better resist
infections. The cells could quickly restore normal function to the body's machinery for making blood cells.
And the workers' cells could be banked and stored in case they develop leukemia, which could happen
years down the road.
But the solution is not perfect, the team admits. High exposure to radiation would also attack cells in the
gut, skin or lung -- problems a stem cell transplant could not fix.
Yet, with containment and clean-up efforts at the damaged plant expected to drag on for months or even years,
Tanimoto and Taniguchi say taking steps to protect the workers' from future harm is paramount.
"The most important mission is to save the nuclear workers' lives and to protect the local communities," the
team wrote.
"Such an approach would be the industry's best defense: if a fatal accident happened to the nuclear
workers, the nuclear power industry of Japan would collapse."
(Reporting by Julie Steenhuysen in Chicago; Editing by Paul Simao)
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